Hazards: Ejection from a boom-supported platform · Tying off to an adjacent structure while the boom moves · Standing on the rails or on a plank in the basket · Working from an unguarded scissor lift platform
Why it matters
Falls to a lower level killed 397 construction workers in 2022 — 36.4% of all construction deaths (CPWR Data Bulletin, July 2024, from BLS CFOI). A basket feels like a floor with a railing, which is exactly the problem. On June 10, 2024, a worker on a communication tower was in a spider lift at about 228 feet when he fell out of it. The investigation found his lanyard was not attached (OSHA Accident Summary Nr 167329.015). The lift did what it was designed to do. The lanyard was hanging.
Key points
- Boom lift: harness on, attached to the boom or the basket. 1926.453(b)(2)(v), 1910.67(c)(2)(v) — and to the anchor the manufacturer put there, not to a rail or a toolbox.
- Scissor lift: the guardrail is the fall protection. OSHA reaches scissor lifts through the scaffold standards, so 1926.451(g) applies. Check the rails and the chain or gate are in place before the platform goes up.
- Never belt off to a structure. (b)(2)(iii): not to a pole, a structure or equipment. If the boom drifts and you are tied to a column, the machine pulls you out.
- Feet on the floor of the basket. (b)(2)(iv): no sitting on the edge, no climbing the rails, no planks or ladders in the platform to gain reach.
- A body belt is restraint only. Since January 1, 1998 it is not acceptable for fall arrest — it belongs to a tethering or restraint system under 1926.502(e).
- Short lanyard beats long lanyard in a basket. Restraint keeps you in the platform; a long arrest lanyard gives you room to be thrown out of it first.
- No climbers in a lift. (b)(2)(x): pole gaffs are not worn while working from an aerial lift.
- The lanyard goes on before the platform moves. Not at height, not once you get there. Clip it on the ground, where you can see the hook.
Do / Don't
Do
- Find the manufacturer's anchor point before you step in.
- Clip on at ground level, and check the hook is locked.
- Close the gate or chain every time.
- Reposition the machine instead of reaching out of it.
Don't
- Tie off to a beam, a pole or the structure you are working on.
- Stand on the rails, on a bucket or on a plank in the basket.
- Use a body belt as fall arrest.
- Assume the scissor lift rule and the boom lift rule are the same.
Quick site check
- Point to the anchor point in today's machine — everyone, out loud.
- Are the harnesses in these lifts inspected, in date and the right size?
- Is anyone planning a reach today that the machine cannot be repositioned for?
- On the lift we are using today, where exactly is the manufacturer's anchor point in the basket?
- Has anyone here tied off to a beam or a pole from a bucket, and what were they trying to reach?
- Are we in a boom lift or a scissor lift today, and which rule does that make ours?
- Who has climbed onto the rails or stood on a plank in a basket to gain a foot of reach?