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Paving & Earthwork

3 guides

Asphalt, gravel, base and excavation math.

All Concrete & Masonry Paving & Earthwork Rigging & Lifting OSHA Compliance Safety Programs & Training Health & Ergonomics

Paving & Earthwork · 7 min read

Gravel Sizes Explained: #57, Crusher Run, Pea Gravel and the Rest

The size numbers come from a real standard. Here is what they mean, where they come from, and which gravel belongs in which layer.

Paving & Earthwork · 6 min read

Cubic Yards to Tons: Why the Answer Depends on the Material

The conversion factor is a property of the material and of how tightly it is packed. Measured figures, the loose-versus-compacted trap, and how to get your own number.

Paving & Earthwork · 4 min read

Asphalt Density: How Many Tons in a Cubic Yard?

One formula, one table, and where the real number for your mix actually comes from.